Annotation configuration
This article uses the Spring Boot + Annotation mode to describe Dubbo application development. Check out the Spring Annotation development mode without Spring Boot here [complete example](https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/1-basic/ dubbo-samples-annotation)
In Dubbo Spring Boot development, you only need to add a few annotations and configure the application.properties or application.yml file to complete the Dubbo service definition:
- Annotations include
@DubboService,@DubboReferenceandEnableDubbo. Among them,@DubboServiceand@DubboReferenceare used to mark Dubbo services, andEnableDubbostarts Dubbo-related configuration and specifies the Spring Boot scanning package path. - Configuration file
application.propertiesorapplication.yml
For complete examples of the following content, please refer to dubbo-samples
Add Maven dependency
Use Dubbo Spring Boot Starter to first introduce the following Maven dependencies
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring Boot -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-bom</artifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Zookeeper -->
<!-- NOTICE: Dubbo only provides dependency management module for Zookeeper, add Nacos or other product dependency directly if you want to use them. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
Then add it to the pom of the corresponding module
<dependencies>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper</artifactId>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- spring starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
Distinguish between ** and ** above
application.yml or application.properties
Components other than service and reference can be set in the application.yml file. If you want to extend the annotation configuration of service or reference, you need to add dubbo.properties configuration file or use other non-annotation methods such as Java Config. For details, please See [Extended Annotation Configuration](#Extended Annotation Configuration) below.
Service and reference components can also be associated with global components in the application through id, take the following configuration as an example:
dubbo:
application:
name: dubbo-springboot-demo-provider
protocol:
name: dubbo
port: -1
registry:
id: zk-registry
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
config-center:
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
metadata-report:
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
Associate the service with the specific registry defined above via annotations
@DubboService(registry="zk-registry")
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {}
The same is true for association through Java Config configuration
@Configuration
public class ProviderConfiguration {
@Bean
public ServiceConfig demoService() {
ServiceConfig service = new ServiceConfig();
service.setRegistry("zk-registry");
return service;
}
}
Annotation
@DubboService annotation
The
@Serviceannotation has been deprecated since version 3.0, use@DubboServiceto distinguish it from Spring’s@Serviceannotation
After defining the Dubbo service interface, provide the implementation logic of the service interface and mark it with @DubboService annotation to realize the service exposure of Dubbo
@DubboService
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {}
If you want to set service parameters, @DubboService also provides a way to set common parameters. If you have more complex parameter setting requirements, you can consider using other setting methods
@DubboService(version = "1.0.0", group = "dev", timeout = 5000)
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {}
@DubboReference annotation
The
@Referenceannotation has been deprecated since version 3.0, use@DubboReferenceto distinguish it from Spring’s@Referenceannotation
@Component
public class DemoClient {
@DubboReference
private DemoService demoService;
}
The @DubboReference annotation will be automatically injected as a Dubbo service proxy instance, and remote service calls can be initiated using demoService
@EnableDubbo annotation
The @EnableDubbo annotation must be configured, otherwise the service defined by the Dubbo annotation will not be loaded, @EnableDubbo can be defined on the main class
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDubbo
public class ProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);
}
}
Spring Boot annotations will only scan the package where the main class is located by default. If the service is defined in other packages, you need to add the configuration EnableDubbo(scanBasePackages = {"org.apache.dubbo.springboot.demo.provider"})
Extended annotation configuration
Although the configuration parameters can be adjusted through @DubboService and DubboReference (as shown in the code snippet below), overall the configuration items provided by annotations are still very limited. In this case, if there are more complex parameter setting requirements, you can use Java Config or dubbo.properties two ways.
@DubboService(version = "1.0.0", group = "dev", timeout = 5000)
@DubboReference(version = "1.0.0", group = "dev", timeout = 5000)
Use Java Config instead of annotations
Note that Java Config is an alternative to DubboService or DubboReference, which is recommended for services with complex configuration requirements.
@Configuration
public class ProviderConfiguration {
@Bean
public ServiceConfig demoService() {
ServiceConfig service = new ServiceConfig();
service.setInterface(DemoService.class);
service.setRef(new DemoServiceImpl());
service.setGroup("dev");
service.setVersion("1.0.0");
Map<String, String> parameters = new HashMap<>();
service. setParameters(parameters);
return service;
}
}
Supplementary configuration through dubbo.properties
For scenarios using DubboService or DubboReference, you can use dubbo.properties as a configuration supplement, [specific format](../principle/#1-configuration format) is explained in more detail here.
dubbo.service.org.apache.dubbo.springboot.demo.DemoService.timeout=5000
dubbo.service.org.apache.dubbo.springboot.demo.DemoService.parameters=[{myKey:myValue},{anotherKey:anotherValue}]
dubbo.reference.org.apache.dubbo.springboot.demo.DemoService.timeout=6000
Properties format configuration is currently not very structural, for example, the key field is more redundant, and support for yaml format will be considered in the future.
